Ban chat sinh hoa cua qua trinh:

C6H12O6(2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + 27Kcal

GD1:duong fan thanh' a.pyruvic

GD2: a.pyruvic bi decarboxyl hoa tao acetaldehyde (E. pyruvat decarborydase)

GD3: acetaldehyde + H2 ( etanol ( E. alcolaldehydedrogenase )

Coi duong la 100% ( sau len men: 22% etylic, 46,6 % CO2, 3,3% glycerin, 0,6% acid succinic

Trong dk len men PH = 4-5. acetaldehyde la chat tiep nhan hidro tao ethanol

Trong moi truong kiem, acetaldehyde vua bi oxh vua bi khu, tao san pham la glyxerin

Trong dk yem khi, nam men sinh san phat trine manh, tao sinh khoi nam men va 1 luong nho ethanol

Nguyen lieu len men

Nguyen lieu co san duong: nam men co the len men truc tiep

Nguyenlieu co bot: phai trai qua duong hoa: PP amylase va PP nufco-malt

Cellulose

Tac nhan VSV

Tac nhan len men ruou : Saccharomyces cerevisiae, S.ellipsoideus, S.paradoxus, S.oviforuris, S.lactics, Endomycopsis, S.Candida.

Tac nhan duong hoa : Rhizopus, Mucor (da so), Aspergillus, Amylomyces

VK lactic: Lactobaccillus, Streptococcus

Vk acetic(VK lactic va acetic duoc dua ve phuong trinh toi uu de cac VSV len men ruou

Cac yeu to anh huong den qua trinh len men ruou

Nguon hydrat cacbon: nam men chi co kha nang len men mono va disaccharide

Nong do duong 10-15%: co the huan luyen de VSV chiu nong do duong carbon

Nguon dduong khac cua nam men: N, P

O2: dieu khien len men hieu khi hay ki khi

PH

Nhiet do: 15-35 do, toi uu 28-32

Nong do ruou tao thanhco the huan luyen de VSV chiu do ruou cao hon

Cac san pham len men truyen thong: O dang chung cat hay khong chung cat

Ruou ko chung cat: bia, sake, ruou can, vang, ruou, nep than, nuoc trai cay len men

Ruou chung cat: ruou de, ruou whisky, ruou Phum, ruou cognac

Bia:

Thuc uong len men ruou tren dich malt - hat dai mach nay mam voi hoa houblon.

Hat ngu coc co the lam bia nhung khong bang malt

Gom hai giai doan

Len men: gom co len men noi (S.cerecisiae: sinh nhieu CO2 lam noi bot) va len men chim (S.carlsbengeusis, o day bon, len men o 20 do, trong 5-7 ngay)

U chin: tao huong vi dac trung